from __future__ import annotations import inspect import logging import os import tempfile import time import weakref from shutil import rmtree from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, ClassVar from fsspec import AbstractFileSystem, filesystem from fsspec.callbacks import DEFAULT_CALLBACK from fsspec.compression import compr from fsspec.core import BaseCache, MMapCache from fsspec.exceptions import BlocksizeMismatchError from fsspec.implementations.cache_mapper import create_cache_mapper from fsspec.implementations.cache_metadata import CacheMetadata from fsspec.spec import AbstractBufferedFile from fsspec.transaction import Transaction from fsspec.utils import infer_compression if TYPE_CHECKING: from fsspec.implementations.cache_mapper import AbstractCacheMapper logger = logging.getLogger("fsspec.cached") class WriteCachedTransaction(Transaction): def complete(self, commit=True): rpaths = [f.path for f in self.files] lpaths = [f.fn for f in self.files] if commit: self.fs.put(lpaths, rpaths) self.files.clear() self.fs._intrans = False self.fs._transaction = None self.fs = None # break cycle class CachingFileSystem(AbstractFileSystem): """Locally caching filesystem, layer over any other FS This class implements chunk-wise local storage of remote files, for quick access after the initial download. The files are stored in a given directory with hashes of URLs for the filenames. If no directory is given, a temporary one is used, which should be cleaned up by the OS after the process ends. The files themselves are sparse (as implemented in :class:`~fsspec.caching.MMapCache`), so only the data which is accessed takes up space. Restrictions: - the block-size must be the same for each access of a given file, unless all blocks of the file have already been read - caching can only be applied to file-systems which produce files derived from fsspec.spec.AbstractBufferedFile ; LocalFileSystem is also allowed, for testing """ protocol: ClassVar[str | tuple[str, ...]] = ("blockcache", "cached") def __init__( self, target_protocol=None, cache_storage="TMP", cache_check=10, check_files=False, expiry_time=604800, target_options=None, fs=None, same_names: bool | None = None, compression=None, cache_mapper: AbstractCacheMapper | None = None, **kwargs, ): """ Parameters ---------- target_protocol: str (optional) Target filesystem protocol. Provide either this or ``fs``. cache_storage: str or list(str) Location to store files. If "TMP", this is a temporary directory, and will be cleaned up by the OS when this process ends (or later). If a list, each location will be tried in the order given, but only the last will be considered writable. cache_check: int Number of seconds between reload of cache metadata check_files: bool Whether to explicitly see if the UID of the remote file matches the stored one before using. Warning: some file systems such as HTTP cannot reliably give a unique hash of the contents of some path, so be sure to set this option to False. expiry_time: int The time in seconds after which a local copy is considered useless. Set to falsy to prevent expiry. The default is equivalent to one week. target_options: dict or None Passed to the instantiation of the FS, if fs is None. fs: filesystem instance The target filesystem to run against. Provide this or ``protocol``. same_names: bool (optional) By default, target URLs are hashed using a ``HashCacheMapper`` so that files from different backends with the same basename do not conflict. If this argument is ``true``, a ``BasenameCacheMapper`` is used instead. Other cache mapper options are available by using the ``cache_mapper`` keyword argument. Only one of this and ``cache_mapper`` should be specified. compression: str (optional) To decompress on download. Can be 'infer' (guess from the URL name), one of the entries in ``fsspec.compression.compr``, or None for no decompression. cache_mapper: AbstractCacheMapper (optional) The object use to map from original filenames to cached filenames. Only one of this and ``same_names`` should be specified. """ super().__init__(**kwargs) if fs is None and target_protocol is None: raise ValueError( "Please provide filesystem instance(fs) or target_protocol" ) if not (fs is None) ^ (target_protocol is None): raise ValueError( "Both filesystems (fs) and target_protocol may not be both given." ) if cache_storage == "TMP": tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp() storage = [tempdir] weakref.finalize(self, self._remove_tempdir, tempdir) else: if isinstance(cache_storage, str): storage = [cache_storage] else: storage = cache_storage os.makedirs(storage[-1], exist_ok=True) self.storage = storage self.kwargs = target_options or {} self.cache_check = cache_check self.check_files = check_files self.expiry = expiry_time self.compression = compression # Size of cache in bytes. If None then the size is unknown and will be # recalculated the next time cache_size() is called. On writes to the # cache this is reset to None. self._cache_size = None if same_names is not None and cache_mapper is not None: raise ValueError( "Cannot specify both same_names and cache_mapper in " "CachingFileSystem.__init__" ) if cache_mapper is not None: self._mapper = cache_mapper else: self._mapper = create_cache_mapper( same_names if same_names is not None else False ) self.target_protocol = ( target_protocol if isinstance(target_protocol, str) else (fs.protocol if isinstance(fs.protocol, str) else fs.protocol[0]) ) self._metadata = CacheMetadata(self.storage) self.load_cache() self.fs = fs if fs is not None else filesystem(target_protocol, **self.kwargs) def _strip_protocol(path): # acts as a method, since each instance has a difference target return self.fs._strip_protocol(type(self)._strip_protocol(path)) self._strip_protocol: Callable = _strip_protocol @staticmethod def _remove_tempdir(tempdir): try: rmtree(tempdir) except Exception: pass def _mkcache(self): os.makedirs(self.storage[-1], exist_ok=True) def cache_size(self): """Return size of cache in bytes. If more than one cache directory is in use, only the size of the last one (the writable cache directory) is returned. """ if self._cache_size is None: cache_dir = self.storage[-1] self._cache_size = filesystem("file").du(cache_dir, withdirs=True) return self._cache_size def load_cache(self): """Read set of stored blocks from file""" self._metadata.load() self._mkcache() self.last_cache = time.time() def save_cache(self): """Save set of stored blocks from file""" self._mkcache() self._metadata.save() self.last_cache = time.time() self._cache_size = None def _check_cache(self): """Reload caches if time elapsed or any disappeared""" self._mkcache() if not self.cache_check: # explicitly told not to bother checking return timecond = time.time() - self.last_cache > self.cache_check existcond = all(os.path.exists(storage) for storage in self.storage) if timecond or not existcond: self.load_cache() def _check_file(self, path): """Is path in cache and still valid""" path = self._strip_protocol(path) self._check_cache() return self._metadata.check_file(path, self) def clear_cache(self): """Remove all files and metadata from the cache In the case of multiple cache locations, this clears only the last one, which is assumed to be the read/write one. """ rmtree(self.storage[-1]) self.load_cache() self._cache_size = None def clear_expired_cache(self, expiry_time=None): """Remove all expired files and metadata from the cache In the case of multiple cache locations, this clears only the last one, which is assumed to be the read/write one. Parameters ---------- expiry_time: int The time in seconds after which a local copy is considered useless. If not defined the default is equivalent to the attribute from the file caching instantiation. """ if not expiry_time: expiry_time = self.expiry self._check_cache() expired_files, writable_cache_empty = self._metadata.clear_expired(expiry_time) for fn in expired_files: if os.path.exists(fn): os.remove(fn) if writable_cache_empty: rmtree(self.storage[-1]) self.load_cache() self._cache_size = None def pop_from_cache(self, path): """Remove cached version of given file Deletes local copy of the given (remote) path. If it is found in a cache location which is not the last, it is assumed to be read-only, and raises PermissionError """ path = self._strip_protocol(path) fn = self._metadata.pop_file(path) if fn is not None: os.remove(fn) self._cache_size = None def _open( self, path, mode="rb", block_size=None, autocommit=True, cache_options=None, **kwargs, ): """Wrap the target _open If the whole file exists in the cache, just open it locally and return that. Otherwise, open the file on the target FS, and make it have a mmap cache pointing to the location which we determine, in our cache. The ``blocks`` instance is shared, so as the mmap cache instance updates, so does the entry in our ``cached_files`` attribute. We monkey-patch this file, so that when it closes, we call ``close_and_update`` to save the state of the blocks. """ path = self._strip_protocol(path) path = self.fs._strip_protocol(path) if "r" not in mode: return self.fs._open( path, mode=mode, block_size=block_size, autocommit=autocommit, cache_options=cache_options, **kwargs, ) detail = self._check_file(path) if detail: # file is in cache detail, fn = detail hash, blocks = detail["fn"], detail["blocks"] if blocks is True: # stored file is complete logger.debug("Opening local copy of %s", path) return open(fn, mode) # TODO: action where partial file exists in read-only cache logger.debug("Opening partially cached copy of %s", path) else: hash = self._mapper(path) fn = os.path.join(self.storage[-1], hash) blocks = set() detail = { "original": path, "fn": hash, "blocks": blocks, "time": time.time(), "uid": self.fs.ukey(path), } self._metadata.update_file(path, detail) logger.debug("Creating local sparse file for %s", path) # call target filesystems open self._mkcache() f = self.fs._open( path, mode=mode, block_size=block_size, autocommit=autocommit, cache_options=cache_options, cache_type="none", **kwargs, ) if self.compression: comp = ( infer_compression(path) if self.compression == "infer" else self.compression ) f = compr[comp](f, mode="rb") if "blocksize" in detail: if detail["blocksize"] != f.blocksize: raise BlocksizeMismatchError( f"Cached file must be reopened with same block" f" size as original (old: {detail['blocksize']}," f" new {f.blocksize})" ) else: detail["blocksize"] = f.blocksize f.cache = MMapCache(f.blocksize, f._fetch_range, f.size, fn, blocks) close = f.close f.close = lambda: self.close_and_update(f, close) self.save_cache() return f def _parent(self, path): return self.fs._parent(path) def hash_name(self, path: str, *args: Any) -> str: # Kept for backward compatibility with downstream libraries. # Ignores extra arguments, previously same_name boolean. return self._mapper(path) def close_and_update(self, f, close): """Called when a file is closing, so store the set of blocks""" if f.closed: return path = self._strip_protocol(f.path) self._metadata.on_close_cached_file(f, path) try: logger.debug("going to save") self.save_cache() logger.debug("saved") except OSError: logger.debug("Cache saving failed while closing file") except NameError: logger.debug("Cache save failed due to interpreter shutdown") close() f.closed = True def ls(self, path, detail=True): return self.fs.ls(path, detail) def __getattribute__(self, item): if item in { "load_cache", "_open", "save_cache", "close_and_update", "__init__", "__getattribute__", "__reduce__", "_make_local_details", "open", "cat", "cat_file", "cat_ranges", "get", "read_block", "tail", "head", "info", "ls", "exists", "isfile", "isdir", "_check_file", "_check_cache", "_mkcache", "clear_cache", "clear_expired_cache", "pop_from_cache", "local_file", "_paths_from_path", "get_mapper", "open_many", "commit_many", "hash_name", "__hash__", "__eq__", "to_json", "to_dict", "cache_size", "pipe_file", "pipe", "start_transaction", "end_transaction", }: # all the methods defined in this class. Note `open` here, since # it calls `_open`, but is actually in superclass return lambda *args, **kw: getattr(type(self), item).__get__(self)( *args, **kw ) if item in ["__reduce_ex__"]: raise AttributeError if item in ["transaction"]: # property return type(self).transaction.__get__(self) if item in ["_cache", "transaction_type"]: # class attributes return getattr(type(self), item) if item == "__class__": return type(self) d = object.__getattribute__(self, "__dict__") fs = d.get("fs", None) # fs is not immediately defined if item in d: return d[item] elif fs is not None: if item in fs.__dict__: # attribute of instance return fs.__dict__[item] # attributed belonging to the target filesystem cls = type(fs) m = getattr(cls, item) if (inspect.isfunction(m) or inspect.isdatadescriptor(m)) and ( not hasattr(m, "__self__") or m.__self__ is None ): # instance method return m.__get__(fs, cls) return m # class method or attribute else: # attributes of the superclass, while target is being set up return super().__getattribute__(item) def __eq__(self, other): """Test for equality.""" if self is other: return True if not isinstance(other, type(self)): return False return ( self.storage == other.storage and self.kwargs == other.kwargs and self.cache_check == other.cache_check and self.check_files == other.check_files and self.expiry == other.expiry and self.compression == other.compression and self._mapper == other._mapper and self.target_protocol == other.target_protocol ) def __hash__(self): """Calculate hash.""" return ( hash(tuple(self.storage)) ^ hash(str(self.kwargs)) ^ hash(self.cache_check) ^ hash(self.check_files) ^ hash(self.expiry) ^ hash(self.compression) ^ hash(self._mapper) ^ hash(self.target_protocol) ) class WholeFileCacheFileSystem(CachingFileSystem): """Caches whole remote files on first access This class is intended as a layer over any other file system, and will make a local copy of each file accessed, so that all subsequent reads are local. This is similar to ``CachingFileSystem``, but without the block-wise functionality and so can work even when sparse files are not allowed. See its docstring for definition of the init arguments. The class still needs access to the remote store for listing files, and may refresh cached files. """ protocol = "filecache" local_file = True def open_many(self, open_files, **kwargs): paths = [of.path for of in open_files] if "r" in open_files.mode: self._mkcache() else: return [ LocalTempFile( self.fs, path, mode=open_files.mode, fn=os.path.join(self.storage[-1], self._mapper(path)), **kwargs, ) for path in paths ] if self.compression: raise NotImplementedError details = [self._check_file(sp) for sp in paths] downpath = [p for p, d in zip(paths, details) if not d] downfn0 = [ os.path.join(self.storage[-1], self._mapper(p)) for p, d in zip(paths, details) ] # keep these path names for opening later downfn = [fn for fn, d in zip(downfn0, details) if not d] if downpath: # skip if all files are already cached and up to date self.fs.get(downpath, downfn) # update metadata - only happens when downloads are successful newdetail = [ { "original": path, "fn": self._mapper(path), "blocks": True, "time": time.time(), "uid": self.fs.ukey(path), } for path in downpath ] for path, detail in zip(downpath, newdetail): self._metadata.update_file(path, detail) self.save_cache() def firstpart(fn): # helper to adapt both whole-file and simple-cache return fn[1] if isinstance(fn, tuple) else fn return [ open(firstpart(fn0) if fn0 else fn1, mode=open_files.mode) for fn0, fn1 in zip(details, downfn0) ] def commit_many(self, open_files): self.fs.put([f.fn for f in open_files], [f.path for f in open_files]) [f.close() for f in open_files] for f in open_files: # in case autocommit is off, and so close did not already delete try: os.remove(f.name) except FileNotFoundError: pass self._cache_size = None def _make_local_details(self, path): hash = self._mapper(path) fn = os.path.join(self.storage[-1], hash) detail = { "original": path, "fn": hash, "blocks": True, "time": time.time(), "uid": self.fs.ukey(path), } self._metadata.update_file(path, detail) logger.debug("Copying %s to local cache", path) return fn def cat( self, path, recursive=False, on_error="raise", callback=DEFAULT_CALLBACK, **kwargs, ): paths = self.expand_path( path, recursive=recursive, maxdepth=kwargs.get("maxdepth") ) getpaths = [] storepaths = [] fns = [] out = {} for p in paths.copy(): try: detail = self._check_file(p) if not detail: fn = self._make_local_details(p) getpaths.append(p) storepaths.append(fn) else: detail, fn = detail if isinstance(detail, tuple) else (None, detail) fns.append(fn) except Exception as e: if on_error == "raise": raise if on_error == "return": out[p] = e paths.remove(p) if getpaths: self.fs.get(getpaths, storepaths) self.save_cache() callback.set_size(len(paths)) for p, fn in zip(paths, fns): with open(fn, "rb") as f: out[p] = f.read() callback.relative_update(1) if isinstance(path, str) and len(paths) == 1 and recursive is False: out = out[paths[0]] return out def _open(self, path, mode="rb", **kwargs): path = self._strip_protocol(path) if "r" not in mode: hash = self._mapper(path) fn = os.path.join(self.storage[-1], hash) user_specified_kwargs = { k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() # those kwargs were added by open(), we don't want them if k not in ["autocommit", "block_size", "cache_options"] } return LocalTempFile(self, path, mode=mode, fn=fn, **user_specified_kwargs) detail = self._check_file(path) if detail: detail, fn = detail _, blocks = detail["fn"], detail["blocks"] if blocks is True: logger.debug("Opening local copy of %s", path) # In order to support downstream filesystems to be able to # infer the compression from the original filename, like # the `TarFileSystem`, let's extend the `io.BufferedReader` # fileobject protocol by adding a dedicated attribute # `original`. f = open(fn, mode) f.original = detail.get("original") return f else: raise ValueError( f"Attempt to open partially cached file {path}" f" as a wholly cached file" ) else: fn = self._make_local_details(path) kwargs["mode"] = mode # call target filesystems open self._mkcache() if self.compression: with self.fs._open(path, **kwargs) as f, open(fn, "wb") as f2: if isinstance(f, AbstractBufferedFile): # want no type of caching if just downloading whole thing f.cache = BaseCache(0, f.cache.fetcher, f.size) comp = ( infer_compression(path) if self.compression == "infer" else self.compression ) f = compr[comp](f, mode="rb") data = True while data: block = getattr(f, "blocksize", 5 * 2**20) data = f.read(block) f2.write(data) else: self.fs.get_file(path, fn) self.save_cache() return self._open(path, mode) class SimpleCacheFileSystem(WholeFileCacheFileSystem): """Caches whole remote files on first access This class is intended as a layer over any other file system, and will make a local copy of each file accessed, so that all subsequent reads are local. This implementation only copies whole files, and does not keep any metadata about the download time or file details. It is therefore safer to use in multi-threaded/concurrent situations. This is the only of the caching filesystems that supports write: you will be given a real local open file, and upon close and commit, it will be uploaded to the target filesystem; the writability or the target URL is not checked until that time. """ protocol = "simplecache" local_file = True transaction_type = WriteCachedTransaction def __init__(self, **kwargs): kw = kwargs.copy() for key in ["cache_check", "expiry_time", "check_files"]: kw[key] = False super().__init__(**kw) for storage in self.storage: if not os.path.exists(storage): os.makedirs(storage, exist_ok=True) def _check_file(self, path): self._check_cache() sha = self._mapper(path) for storage in self.storage: fn = os.path.join(storage, sha) if os.path.exists(fn): return fn def save_cache(self): pass def load_cache(self): pass def pipe_file(self, path, value=None, **kwargs): if self._intrans: with self.open(path, "wb") as f: f.write(value) else: super().pipe_file(path, value) def ls(self, path, detail=True, **kwargs): path = self._strip_protocol(path) details = [] try: details = self.fs.ls( path, detail=True, **kwargs ).copy() # don't edit original! except FileNotFoundError as e: ex = e else: ex = None if self._intrans: path1 = path.rstrip("/") + "/" for f in self.transaction.files: if f.path == path: details.append( {"name": path, "size": f.size or f.tell(), "type": "file"} ) elif f.path.startswith(path1): if f.path.count("/") == path1.count("/"): details.append( {"name": f.path, "size": f.size or f.tell(), "type": "file"} ) else: dname = "/".join(f.path.split("/")[: path1.count("/") + 1]) details.append({"name": dname, "size": 0, "type": "directory"}) if ex is not None and not details: raise ex if detail: return details return sorted(_["name"] for _ in details) def info(self, path, **kwargs): path = self._strip_protocol(path) if self._intrans: f = [_ for _ in self.transaction.files if _.path == path] if f: size = os.path.getsize(f[0].fn) if f[0].closed else f[0].tell() return {"name": path, "size": size, "type": "file"} f = any(_.path.startswith(path + "/") for _ in self.transaction.files) if f: return {"name": path, "size": 0, "type": "directory"} return self.fs.info(path, **kwargs) def pipe(self, path, value=None, **kwargs): if isinstance(path, str): self.pipe_file(self._strip_protocol(path), value, **kwargs) elif isinstance(path, dict): for k, v in path.items(): self.pipe_file(self._strip_protocol(k), v, **kwargs) else: raise ValueError("path must be str or dict") def cat_ranges( self, paths, starts, ends, max_gap=None, on_error="return", **kwargs ): lpaths = [self._check_file(p) for p in paths] rpaths = [p for l, p in zip(lpaths, paths) if l is False] lpaths = [l for l, p in zip(lpaths, paths) if l is False] self.fs.get(rpaths, lpaths) return super().cat_ranges( paths, starts, ends, max_gap=max_gap, on_error=on_error, **kwargs ) def _open(self, path, mode="rb", **kwargs): path = self._strip_protocol(path) sha = self._mapper(path) if "r" not in mode: fn = os.path.join(self.storage[-1], sha) user_specified_kwargs = { k: v for k, v in kwargs.items() if k not in ["autocommit", "block_size", "cache_options"] } # those were added by open() return LocalTempFile( self, path, mode=mode, autocommit=not self._intrans, fn=fn, **user_specified_kwargs, ) fn = self._check_file(path) if fn: return open(fn, mode) fn = os.path.join(self.storage[-1], sha) logger.debug("Copying %s to local cache", path) kwargs["mode"] = mode self._mkcache() self._cache_size = None if self.compression: with self.fs._open(path, **kwargs) as f, open(fn, "wb") as f2: if isinstance(f, AbstractBufferedFile): # want no type of caching if just downloading whole thing f.cache = BaseCache(0, f.cache.fetcher, f.size) comp = ( infer_compression(path) if self.compression == "infer" else self.compression ) f = compr[comp](f, mode="rb") data = True while data: block = getattr(f, "blocksize", 5 * 2**20) data = f.read(block) f2.write(data) else: self.fs.get_file(path, fn) return self._open(path, mode) class LocalTempFile: """A temporary local file, which will be uploaded on commit""" def __init__(self, fs, path, fn, mode="wb", autocommit=True, seek=0, **kwargs): self.fn = fn self.fh = open(fn, mode) self.mode = mode if seek: self.fh.seek(seek) self.path = path self.size = None self.fs = fs self.closed = False self.autocommit = autocommit self.kwargs = kwargs def __reduce__(self): # always open in r+b to allow continuing writing at a location return ( LocalTempFile, (self.fs, self.path, self.fn, "r+b", self.autocommit, self.tell()), ) def __enter__(self): return self.fh def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb): self.close() def close(self): # self.size = self.fh.tell() if self.closed: return self.fh.close() self.closed = True if self.autocommit: self.commit() def discard(self): self.fh.close() os.remove(self.fn) def commit(self): self.fs.put(self.fn, self.path, **self.kwargs) # we do not delete local copy - it's still in the cache @property def name(self): return self.fn def __repr__(self) -> str: return f"LocalTempFile: {self.path}" def __getattr__(self, item): return getattr(self.fh, item)